在当今数据驱动的互联网时代，问卷调查已成为网站收集用户反馈、进行市场研究、评估客户满意度的重要工具。虽然WordPress生态中有许多现成的问卷调查插件，如WPForms、Gravity Forms等，但这些通用解决方案往往无法完全满足特定业务需求。自定义问卷调查工具能够提供更精准的数据收集、更符合品牌形象的用户界面以及更灵活的集成能力。

通过WordPress代码二次开发实现自定义问卷调查工具，不仅可以节省长期使用付费插件的成本，还能确保工具完全按照您的业务流程和需求定制。本指南将详细介绍如何从零开始，为WordPress网站开发一个功能完善的自定义在线问卷调查工具。

在开始开发之前，需要确保具备以下环境：

1. 本地开发环境：推荐使用XAMPP、MAMP或Local by Flywheel搭建本地WordPress环境
2. 代码编辑器：Visual Studio Code、PHPStorm或Sublime Text
3. 版本控制：Git用于代码版本管理
4. 浏览器开发者工具：用于调试前端代码

在编写代码之前，明确问卷调查工具的核心需求：

1. 问卷创建与管理：后台界面用于创建、编辑和删除问卷
2. 问题类型支持：单选题、多选题、文本题、评分题等
3. 响应收集与存储：安全地存储用户提交的问卷数据
4. 数据分析与导出：后台查看统计结果并导出数据
5. 前端展示与交互：用户友好的问卷填写界面
6. 权限控制：限制问卷访问权限（公开/私有）

设计合理的数据库结构是开发成功的关键。我们需要创建以下数据表：

1. surveys表：存储问卷基本信息

   • id (主键)
   • title (问卷标题)
   • description (问卷描述)
   • status (状态：草稿/发布/归档)
   • created_at (创建时间)
   • updated_at (更新时间)

2. questions表：存储问题信息

   • id (主键)
   • survey_id (关联问卷ID)
   • question_text (问题文本)
   • question_type (问题类型：单选/多选/文本等)
   • options (选项，JSON格式存储)
   • required (是否必答)
   • sort_order (排序)

3. responses表：存储用户回答

   • id (主键)
   • survey_id (问卷ID)
   • question_id (问题ID)
   • answer (用户答案)
   • user_id (用户ID，匿名则为空)
   • submitted_at (提交时间)
   • session_id (会话ID，用于匿名用户跟踪)

在WordPress的wp-content/plugins/目录下创建新文件夹custom-survey-tool，并创建以下基础文件：

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custom-survey-tool/
├── custom-survey-tool.php      # 主插件文件
├── includes/
│   ├── class-database.php      # 数据库处理类
│   ├── class-survey.php        # 问卷核心类
│   ├── class-admin.php         # 后台管理类
│   └── class-frontend.php      # 前端展示类
├── admin/
│   ├── css/
│   │   └── admin-style.css     # 后台样式
│   └── js/
│       └── admin-script.js     # 后台脚本
├── public/
│   ├── css/
│   │   └── public-style.css    # 前端样式
│   └── js/
│       └── public-script.js    # 前端脚本
├── templates/                  # 模板文件
└── assets/                     # 静态资源

编辑custom-survey-tool.php文件，添加插件基本信息：

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<?php
/**
 * Plugin Name: 自定义问卷调查工具
 * Plugin URI:  https://yourwebsite.com/
 * Description: 为WordPress网站创建自定义在线问卷调查工具
 * Version:     1.0.0
 * Author:      您的名称
 * License:     GPL v2 or later
 * Text Domain: custom-survey-tool
 */

// 防止直接访问
if (!defined('ABSPATH')) {
    exit;
}

// 定义插件常量
define('CST_VERSION', '1.0.0');
define('CST_PLUGIN_DIR', plugin_dir_path(__FILE__));
define('CST_PLUGIN_URL', plugin_dir_url(__FILE__));

// 自动加载类文件
spl_autoload_register(function ($class_name) {
    $prefix = 'CST_';
    $base_dir = CST_PLUGIN_DIR . 'includes/';
    
    $len = strlen($prefix);
    if (strncmp($prefix, $class_name, $len) !== 0) {
        return;
    }
    
    $relative_class = substr($class_name, $len);
    $file = $base_dir . 'class-' . strtolower(str_replace('_', '-', $relative_class)) . '.php';
    
    if (file_exists($file)) {
        require_once $file;
    }
});

// 初始化插件
function cst_init() {
    // 检查WordPress版本
    if (version_compare(get_bloginfo('version'), '5.0', '<')) {
        wp_die(__('本插件需要WordPress 5.0或更高版本', 'custom-survey-tool'));
    }
    
    // 实例化核心类
    $database = new CST_Database();
    $survey = new CST_Survey();
    $admin = new CST_Admin();
    $frontend = new CST_Frontend();
    
    // 激活/停用钩子
    register_activation_hook(__FILE__, array($database, 'create_tables'));
    register_deactivation_hook(__FILE__, array($database, 'drop_tables'));
}
add_action('plugins_loaded', 'cst_init');

创建includes/class-database.php文件，处理数据库表的创建与维护：

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<?php
class CST_Database {
    
    public function create_tables() {
        global $wpdb;
        
        $charset_collate = $wpdb->get_charset_collate();
        $table_prefix = $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_';
        
        // 创建问卷表
        $surveys_table = $table_prefix . 'surveys';
        $sql1 = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $surveys_table (
            id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
            title varchar(255) NOT NULL,
            description text,
            status varchar(20) DEFAULT 'draft',
            created_at datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
            updated_at datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
            PRIMARY KEY (id)
        ) $charset_collate;";
        
        // 创建问题表
        $questions_table = $table_prefix . 'questions';
        $sql2 = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $questions_table (
            id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
            survey_id int(11) NOT NULL,
            question_text text NOT NULL,
            question_type varchar(50) NOT NULL,
            options text,
            required tinyint(1) DEFAULT 0,
            sort_order int(11) DEFAULT 0,
            PRIMARY KEY (id),
            KEY survey_id (survey_id)
        ) $charset_collate;";
        
        // 创建回答表
        $responses_table = $table_prefix . 'responses';
        $sql3 = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $responses_table (
            id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
            survey_id int(11) NOT NULL,
            question_id int(11) NOT NULL,
            answer text NOT NULL,
            user_id int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
            session_id varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
            submitted_at datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
            PRIMARY KEY (id),
            KEY survey_id (survey_id),
            KEY question_id (question_id),
            KEY user_id (user_id)
        ) $charset_collate;";
        
        require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php');
        dbDelta($sql1);
        dbDelta($sql2);
        dbDelta($sql3);
        
        // 添加默认数据（示例问卷）
        $this->add_sample_data();
    }
    
    private function add_sample_data() {
        global $wpdb;
        $table_prefix = $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_';
        
        // 检查是否已有数据
        $count = $wpdb->get_var("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {$table_prefix}surveys");
        
        if ($count == 0) {
            // 添加示例问卷
            $wpdb->insert(
                $table_prefix . 'surveys',
                array(
                    'title' => '客户满意度调查',
                    'description' => '帮助我们改进服务的简短问卷',
                    'status' => 'published'
                )
            );
            
            $survey_id = $wpdb->insert_id;
            
            // 添加示例问题
            $sample_questions = array(
                array(
                    'survey_id' => $survey_id,
                    'question_text' => '您如何评价我们的产品质量？',
                    'question_type' => 'rating',
                    'options' => json_encode(array('min' => 1, 'max' => 5, 'labels' => array('非常差', '差', '一般', '好', '非常好'))),
                    'required' => 1,
                    'sort_order' => 1
                ),
                array(
                    'survey_id' => $survey_id,
                    'question_text' => '您是通过什么渠道了解到我们的？',
                    'question_type' => 'checkbox',
                    'options' => json_encode(array('搜索引擎', '社交媒体', '朋友推荐', '广告', '其他')),
                    'required' => 0,
                    'sort_order' => 2
                ),
                array(
                    'survey_id' => $survey_id,
                    'question_text' => '您有什么改进建议？',
                    'question_type' => 'textarea',
                    'options' => json_encode(array('rows' => 4)),
                    'required' => 0,
                    'sort_order' => 3
                )
            );
            
            foreach ($sample_questions as $question) {
                $wpdb->insert($table_prefix . 'questions', $question);
            }
        }
    }
    
    public function drop_tables() {
        global $wpdb;
        
        $tables = array(
            $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_surveys',
            $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_questions',
            $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_responses'
        );
        
        foreach ($tables as $table) {
            $wpdb->query("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS $table");
        }
    }
}

创建includes/class-survey.php文件，实现问卷的核心业务逻辑：

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<?php
class CST_Survey {
    
    private $db;
    
    public function __construct() {
        global $wpdb;
        $this->db = $wpdb;
        $this->table_prefix = $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_';
    }
    
    // 获取所有问卷
    public function get_all_surveys($status = null) {
        $where = '';
        if ($status) {
            $where = $this->db->prepare("WHERE status = %s", $status);
        }
        
        return $this->db->get_results(
            "SELECT * FROM {$this->table_prefix}surveys $where ORDER BY created_at DESC"
        );
    }
    
    // 获取单个问卷
    public function get_survey($id) {
        return $this->db->get_row(
            $this->db->prepare(
                "SELECT * FROM {$this->table_prefix}surveys WHERE id = %d",
                $id
            )
        );
    }
    
    // 获取问卷的所有问题
    public function get_survey_questions($survey_id) {
        return $this->db->get_results(
            $this->db->prepare(
                "SELECT * FROM {$this->table_prefix}questions 
                 WHERE survey_id = %d 
                 ORDER BY sort_order ASC",
                $survey_id
            )
        );
    }
    
    // 创建新问卷
    public function create_survey($data) {
        $defaults = array(
            'title' => '新问卷',
            'description' => '',
            'status' => 'draft'
        );
        
        $data = wp_parse_args($data, $defaults);
        
        $this->db->insert(
            $this->table_prefix . 'surveys',
            $data
        );
        
        return $this->db->insert_id;
    }
    
    // 更新问卷
    public function update_survey($id, $data) {
        return $this->db->update(
            $this->table_prefix . 'surveys',
            $data,
            array('id' => $id)
        );
    }
    
    // 删除问卷
    public function delete_survey($id) {
        // 先删除相关问题
        $this->db->delete(
            $this->table_prefix . 'questions',
            array('survey_id' => $id)
        );
        
        // 再删除问卷
        return $this->db->delete(
            $this->table_prefix . 'surveys',
            array('id' => $id)
        );
    }
    
    // 添加问题到问卷
    public function add_question($survey_id, $data) {
        $defaults = array(
            'survey_id' => $survey_id,
            'question_text' => '新问题',
            'question_type' => 'text',
            'options' => '',
            'required' => 0,
            'sort_order' => 0
        );
        
        $data = wp_parse_args($data, $defaults);
        
        $this->db->insert(
            $this->table_prefix . 'questions',
            $data
        );
        
        return $this->db->insert_id;
    }
    
    // 提交问卷回答
    public function submit_response($survey_id, $responses, $user_id = null) {
        $session_id = $this->generate_session_id();
        
        foreach ($responses as $question_id => $answer) {
            // 处理多选答案
            if (is_array($answer)) {
                $answer = json_encode($answer);
            }
            
            $this->db->insert(
                $this->table_prefix . 'responses',
                array(
                    'survey_id' => $survey_id,
                    'question_id' => $question_id,
                    'answer' => $answer,
                    'user_id' => $user_id,
                    'session_id' => $session_id
                )
            );
        }
        
        return true;
    }
    
    // 获取问卷统计
    public function get_survey_stats($survey_id) {
        $questions = $this->get_survey_questions($survey_id);
        $stats = array();
        
        foreach ($questions as $question) {
            $answers = $this->db->get_results(
                $this->db->prepare(
                    "SELECT answer FROM {$this->table_prefix}responses 
                     WHERE survey_id = %d AND question_id = %d",
                    $survey_id,
                    $question->id
                )
            );
            
            $question_stats = array(
                'question' => $question->question_text,
                'type' => $question->question_type,
                'total_responses' => count($answers),
                'answers' => array()
            );
            
            // 根据问题类型统计答案
            if ($question->question_type === 'radio' || $question->question_type === 'checkbox') {
                $options = json_decode($question->options, true);
                $counts = array();
                
                foreach ($options as $option) {
                    $counts[$option] = 0;
                }
                
                foreach ($answers as $answer) {
                    if ($question->question_type === 'checkbox') {
                        $user_answers = json_decode($answer->answer, true);
                        if (is_array($user_answers)) {
                            foreach ($user_answers as $user_answer) {
                                if (isset($counts[$user_answer])) {
                                    $counts[$user_answer]++;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    } else {
                        if (isset($counts[$answer->answer])) {
                            $counts[$answer->answer]++;
                        }
                    }
                }
                
                $question_stats['answers'] = $counts;
            } elseif ($question->question_type === 'rating') {
                $ratings = array();
                foreach ($answers as $answer) {
                    $ratings[] = intval($answer->answer);
                }
                
                if (!empty($ratings)) {
                    $question_stats['answers'] = array(
                        'average' => round(array_sum($ratings) / count($ratings), 2),
                        'min' => min($ratings),
                        'max' => max($ratings),
                        'distribution' => array_count_values($ratings)
                    );
                }
            }
            
            $stats[] = $question_stats;
        }
        
        return $stats;
    }
    
    private function generate_session_id() {
        return md5(uniqid(rand(), true) . $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
    }
}

创建includes/class-admin.php文件，实现后台管理功能：

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<?php
class CST_Admin {
    
    private $survey;
    
    public function __construct() {
        $this->survey = new CST_Survey();
        
        // 添加管理菜单
        add_action('admin_menu', array($this, 'add_admin_menu'));
        
        // 加载脚本和样式
        add_action('admin_enqueue_scripts', array($this, 'enqueue_admin_scripts'));
        
        // 处理表单提交
        add_action('admin_post_cst_save_survey', array($this, 'save_survey'));
        add_action('admin_post_cst_delete_survey', array($this, 'delete_survey'));
    }
    

复制

    public function add_admin_menu() {
        // 主菜单
        add_menu_page(
            '问卷调查工具',
            '问卷调查',
            'manage_options',
            'custom-survey-tool',
            array($this, 'surveys_list_page'),
            'dashicons-feedback',
            30
        );
        
        // 子菜单
        add_submenu_page(
            'custom-survey-tool',
            '所有问卷',
            '所有问卷',
            'manage_options',
            'custom-survey-tool',
            array($this, 'surveys_list_page')
        );
        
        add_submenu_page(
            'custom-survey-tool',
            '添加新问卷',
            '添加新问卷',
            'manage_options',
            'cst-add-survey',
            array($this, 'add_survey_page')
        );
        
        add_submenu_page(
            'custom-survey-tool',
            '问卷统计',
            '问卷统计',
            'manage_options',
            'cst-survey-stats',
            array($this, 'survey_stats_page')
        );
        
        add_submenu_page(
            'custom-survey-tool',
            '插件设置',
            '设置',
            'manage_options',
            'cst-settings',
            array($this, 'settings_page')
        );
    }
    
    public function enqueue_admin_scripts($hook) {
        // 只在插件页面加载资源
        if (strpos($hook, 'custom-survey-tool') === false && 
            strpos($hook, 'cst-') === false) {
            return;
        }
        
        wp_enqueue_style(
            'cst-admin-style',
            CST_PLUGIN_URL . 'admin/css/admin-style.css',
            array(),
            CST_VERSION
        );
        
        wp_enqueue_script(
            'cst-admin-script',
            CST_PLUGIN_URL . 'admin/js/admin-script.js',
            array('jquery', 'jquery-ui-sortable'),
            CST_VERSION,
            true
        );
        
        // 本地化脚本
        wp_localize_script('cst-admin-script', 'cst_admin', array(
            'ajax_url' => admin_url('admin-ajax.php'),
            'nonce' => wp_create_nonce('cst_admin_nonce'),
            'confirm_delete' => __('确定要删除这个问卷吗？此操作不可撤销。', 'custom-survey-tool')
        ));
    }

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    public function surveys_list_page() {
        $action = isset($_GET['action']) ? sanitize_text_field($_GET['action']) : 'list';
        $survey_id = isset($_GET['survey_id']) ? intval($_GET['survey_id']) : 0;
        
        switch ($action) {
            case 'edit':
                $this->edit_survey_page($survey_id);
                break;
            case 'view':
                $this->view_responses_page($survey_id);
                break;
            default:
                $this->display_surveys_list();
        }
    }
    
    private function display_surveys_list() {
        $surveys = $this->survey->get_all_surveys();
        ?>
        <div class="wrap cst-admin">
            <h1 class="wp-heading-inline">问卷调查</h1>
            <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=cst-add-survey'); ?>" class="page-title-action">
                添加新问卷
            </a>
            
            <?php if (isset($_GET['message'])): ?>
                <div class="notice notice-<?php echo sanitize_text_field($_GET['type'] ?? 'success'); ?> is-dismissible">
                    <p><?php echo esc_html($_GET['message']); ?></p>
                </div>
            <?php endif; ?>
            
            <div class="tablenav top">
                <div class="alignleft actions">
                    <select name="status_filter" id="status_filter">
                        <option value="">所有状态</option>
                        <option value="draft">草稿</option>
                        <option value="published">已发布</option>
                        <option value="archived">已归档</option>
                    </select>
                    <button class="button action" id="filter_action">筛选</button>
                </div>
                <br class="clear">
            </div>
            
            <table class="wp-list-table widefat fixed striped surveys">
                <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-id">ID</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-title">问卷标题</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-status">状态</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-questions">问题数</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-responses">回答数</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-date">创建时间</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-actions">操作</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    <?php if (empty($surveys)): ?>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="7" class="no-items">暂无问卷，请点击"添加新问卷"创建第一个问卷。</td>
                        </tr>
                    <?php else: ?>
                        <?php foreach ($surveys as $survey): 
                            $questions_count = $this->survey->get_questions_count($survey->id);
                            $responses_count = $this->survey->get_responses_count($survey->id);
                        ?>
                            <tr>
                                <td class="column-id"><?php echo $survey->id; ?></td>
                                <td class="column-title">
                                    <strong>
                                        <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=custom-survey-tool&action=edit&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>">
                                            <?php echo esc_html($survey->title); ?>
                                        </a>
                                    </strong>
                                    <div class="row-actions">
                                        <span class="edit">
                                            <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=custom-survey-tool&action=edit&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>">编辑</a> |
                                        </span>
                                        <span class="view">
                                            <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=cst-survey-stats&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>">统计</a> |
                                        </span>
                                        <span class="duplicate">
                                            <a href="#" class="duplicate-survey" data-id="<?php echo $survey->id; ?>">复制</a> |
                                        </span>
                                        <span class="trash">
                                            <a href="<?php echo wp_nonce_url(admin_url('admin-post.php?action=cst_delete_survey&survey_id=' . $survey->id), 'cst_delete_survey'); ?>" 
                                               class="submitdelete" onclick="return confirm('确定要删除这个问卷吗？')">删除</a>
                                        </span>
                                    </div>
                                </td>
                                <td class="column-status">
                                    <span class="status-badge status-<?php echo $survey->status; ?>">
                                        <?php 
                                        $status_labels = array(
                                            'draft' => '草稿',
                                            'published' => '已发布',
                                            'archived' => '已归档'
                                        );
                                        echo $status_labels[$survey->status] ?? $survey->status;
                                        ?>
                                    </span>
                                </td>
                                <td class="column-questions"><?php echo $questions_count; ?></td>
                                <td class="column-responses"><?php echo $responses_count; ?></td>
                                <td class="column-date"><?php echo date('Y-m-d H:i', strtotime($survey->created_at)); ?></td>
                                <td class="column-actions">
                                    <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=custom-survey-tool&action=edit&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>" 
                                       class="button button-small">编辑</a>
                                    <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=cst-survey-stats&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>" 
                                       class="button button-small">查看统计</a>
                                </td>
                            </tr>
                        <?php endforeach; ?>
                    <?php endif; ?>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
        <?php
    }

复制

    private function edit_survey_page($survey_id) {
        $survey = $this->survey->get_survey($survey_id);
        $questions = $this->survey->get_survey_questions($survey_id);
        
        if (!$survey) {
            wp_die('问卷不存在');
        }
        ?>
        <div class="wrap cst-admin">
            <h1>编辑问卷: <?php echo esc_html($survey->title); ?></h1>
            
            <form method="post" action="<?php echo admin_url('admin-post.php'); ?>" id="survey-form">
                <input type="hidden" name="action" value="cst_save_survey">
                <input type="hidden" name="survey_id" value="<?php echo $survey_id; ?>">
                <?php wp_nonce_field('cst_save_survey', 'cst_nonce'); ?>
                
                <div id="poststuff">
                    <div id="post-body" class="metabox-holder columns-2">
                        
                        <!-- 主内容区 -->
                        <div id="post-body-content">
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">问卷基本信息</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <table class="form-table">
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="survey_title">问卷标题</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <input type="text" id="survey_title" name="survey_title" 
                                                       value="<?php echo esc_attr($survey->title); ?>" 
                                                       class="regular-text" required>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="survey_description">问卷描述</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <textarea id="survey_description" name="survey_description" 
                                                          rows="3" class="large-text"><?php echo esc_textarea($survey->description); ?></textarea>
                                                <p class="description">显示在问卷开头的描述文字</p>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="survey_status">状态</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <select id="survey_status" name="survey_status">
                                                    <option value="draft" <?php selected($survey->status, 'draft'); ?>>草稿</option>
                                                    <option value="published" <?php selected($survey->status, 'published'); ?>>已发布</option>
                                                    <option value="archived" <?php selected($survey->status, 'archived'); ?>>已归档</option>
                                                </select>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                    </table>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            
                            <!-- 问题管理区域 -->
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">问卷问题</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <div id="questions-container" class="sortable-questions">
                                        <?php if (empty($questions)): ?>
                                            <p class="no-questions">暂无问题，点击下方"添加问题"按钮开始添加。</p>
                                        <?php else: ?>
                                            <?php foreach ($questions as $index => $question): ?>
                                                <?php $this->render_question_editor($question, $index); ?>
                                            <?php endforeach; ?>
                                        <?php endif; ?>
                                    </div>
                                    
                                    <div class="add-question-section">
                                        <button type="button" id="add-question" class="button button-primary">
                                            <span class="dashicons dashicons-plus"></span> 添加问题
                                        </button>
                                        
                                        <div class="question-type-selector" style="display: none;">
                                            <select id="new-question-type">
                                                <option value="text">单行文本</option>
                                                <option value="textarea">多行文本</option>
                                                <option value="radio">单选题</option>
                                                <option value="checkbox">多选题</option>
                                                <option value="select">下拉选择</option>
                                                <option value="rating">评分题</option>
                                                <option value="date">日期选择</option>
                                                <option value="email">邮箱地址</option>
                                            </select>
                                            <button type="button" id="confirm-add-question" class="button">确认添加</button>
                                            <button type="button" id="cancel-add-question" class="button button-link">取消</button>
                                        </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        
                        <!-- 侧边栏 -->
                        <div id="postbox-container-1" class="postbox-container">
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">发布</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <div class="submitbox">
                                        <div id="major-publishing-actions">
                                            <div id="publishing-action">
                                                <span class="spinner"></span>
                                                <input type="submit" name="save_survey" 
                                                       value="保存问卷" class="button button-primary button-large">
                                            </div>
                                            <div class="clear"></div>
                                        </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">问卷短码</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <p>将以下短码插入到文章或页面中显示此问卷：</p>
                                    <input type="text" value="[custom_survey id='<?php echo $survey_id; ?>']" 
                                           class="large-text code" readonly onclick="this.select();">
                                    <p class="description">复制此短码并粘贴到任何文章或页面中</p>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">问卷设置</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <table class="form-table">
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="allow_anonymous">允许匿名提交</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <input type="checkbox" id="allow_anonymous" name="allow_anonymous" value="1" checked>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="limit_one_response">限制每人提交一次</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <input type="checkbox" id="limit_one_response" name="limit_one_response" value="1">
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="show_progress">显示进度条</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <input type="checkbox" id="show_progress" name="show_progress" value="1" checked>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                    </table>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
        <?php
    }
    
    private function render_question_editor($question, $index) {
        $options = json_decode($question->options, true);
        ?>
        <div class="question-editor" data-index="<?php echo $index; ?>" data-id="<?php echo $question->id; ?>">
            <div class="question-header">
                <span class="question-number">问题 <?php echo $index + 1; ?></span>
                <span class="question-type-badge"><?php echo $this->get_question_type_label($question->question_type); ?></span>
                <button type="button" class="delete-question" title="删除问题">
                    <span class="dashicons dashicons-trash"></span>
                </button>
                <button type="button" class="toggle-question" title="展开/收起">
                    <span class="dashicons dashicons-arrow-down"></span>
                </button>
            </div>
            
            <div class="question-body">
                <div class="question-main">
                    <input type="hidden" name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][id]" value="<?php echo $question->id; ?>">
                    <input type="hidden" name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][type]" value="<?php echo $question->question_type; ?>">
                    
                    <div class="form-field">
                        <label>问题内容</label>
                        <input type="text" name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][text]" 
                               value="<?php echo esc_attr($question->question_text); ?>" 
                               class="regular-text question-text" required>
                    </div>
                    
                    <div class="form-field">
                        <label>
                            <input type="checkbox" name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][required]" value="1" 
                                   <?php checked($question->required, 1); ?>> 必填问题
                        </label>
                    </div>
                    
                    <!-- 选项配置区域（根据问题类型显示） -->
                    <div class="question-options" data-type="<?php echo $question->question_type; ?>">
                        <?php $this->render_question_options($question->question_type, $options, $index); ?>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <?php
    }
    
    private function render_question_options($type, $options, $index) {
        switch ($type) {
            case 'radio':
            case 'checkbox':
            case 'select':
                ?>
                <div class="form-field">
                    <label>选项（每行一个）</label>
                    <textarea name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][options]" 
                              rows="5" class="large-text"><?php 
                        if (is_array($options)) {
                            echo implode("n", $options);
                        }
                    ?></textarea>
                    <p class="description">每个选项单独一行</p>
                </div>
                <?php
                break;
                
            case 'rating':
                $min = $options['min'] ?? 1;
                $max = $options['max'] ?? 5;
                $labels = $options['labels'] ?? array();
                ?>